The Coupler is a radio frequency device used to extract a small portion of the signal from the signal path in a wireless signal system. Similar to a power splitter, it is a power distribution device. The key difference is that the coupler distributes power unevenly, whereas the power splitter distributes power equally to all ports.
The main purpose of using couplers and power splitters together is to achieve a common goal: to distribute the transmission power of the signal source as evenly as possible to each antenna port in an indoor distribution system, ensuring that the transmission power at each antenna port is essentially the same.